Difference information criterion for the analysis of a seismotectonic influence on a radon time-series at the KSM site, Japan   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jens Hartmann 《Geophysical Journal International》2005,160(3):891-900

  相似文献   

泥浆脉冲随钻测量系统研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

卢春华  张涛  李海东 《地质科技情报》2005,24(Z1):30-32

介绍了泥浆脉冲随钻测量系统信号传输的3种基本工作方式:压力正脉冲、压力负脉冲和连续压力波.泥浆脉冲信号在传输过程中主要受钻探泵、井底动力机、泥浆中的气泡及活动钻具的干扰;钻井深度、泥浆中的气泡量、含砂量和泥浆类型对信号衰减有一定的影响.  相似文献   

Quantifying flows along hydrological pathways by applying a new filtering algorithm in conjunction with master recession curve analysis          下载免费PDF全文

Ronan J. O'Brien  Bruce D. Misstear  Laurence W. Gill  Paul M. Johnston  Raymond Flynn 《水文研究》2014,28(26):6211-6221

Quantifying the proportion of the river hydrograph derived from the different hydrological pathways is essential for understanding the behaviour of a catchment. This paper describes a new approach using the output from master recession curve analysis to inform a new algorithm based on the Lyne and Hollick ‘one‐parameter’ signal analysis filtering algorithm. This approach was applied to six catchments (including two subcatchments of these) in Ireland. The conceptual model for each catchment consists of four main flow pathways: overland flow, interflow, shallow groundwater and deep groundwater. The results were compared with those of the master recession curve analysis, a recharge coefficient approach developed in Ireland and the semi‐distributed, lumped and deterministic hydrological model Nedbør‐Afstrømings‐Model. The new algorithm removes the ‘free variable’ aspect that is typically associated with filtering algorithms and provides a means of estimating the contribution of each pathway that is consistent with the results of hydrograph separation in catchments that are dominated by quick response pathways. These types of catchments are underlain by poorly productive aquifers that are not capable of providing large baseflows in the river. Such aquifers underlie over 73% of Ireland, ensuring that this new algorithm is applicable in the majority of catchments in Ireland and potentially in those catchments internationally that are strongly influenced by the quick‐responding hydrological pathways. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

eLoran系统新型信号波形设计及其性能评估          下载免费PDF全文

李婉清  刘中伟  李实锋  叶清琳 《全球定位系统》2020,45(2):13-20

增强型罗兰导航系统(eLoran)作为全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)的备份系统,是国家定位导航授时(PNT)安全的重要基础设施.针对目前标准eLoran信号存在易受交叉干扰、天波干扰,通信数据传输速率低等的问题,本文基于标准罗兰信号体制提出了两种波形改进方法(衰减函数法与对称波形法)并对新型波形进行性能评估.实验结果表明,两种方法能够有效缩短波形持续时间,加速后沿波形下降,减小发射机功耗.对称波形法能够大幅减小波形持续时间,但缩短波形持续时间也将改变原信号波形的频谱特性,利用衰减函数法可以最大程度保证信号的频谱性能.综合分析可知,新型波形能够有效利用时域资源,空余的时间可用于增加传输信号,进而提高数据调制技术的性能.  相似文献   

Satellite-derived rainfall thresholds for landslide early warning in Bogowonto Catchment,Central Java,Indonesia     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Satellite rainfall products for landslide early warning prediction have been spotlighted by several researchers, in the last couple of decades. This study investigates the use of TRMM and ERA-Interim data, for the determination of rainfall thresholds and the prediction of precipitation, respectively, to be used for landslide early warning purposes at the Bogowonto catchment, Central Java, Indonesia. A landslide inventory of 218 landslides for the period of 2003–2016 was compiled, and rainfall data were retrieved for the landslide locations, as given by 6 ground stations, TRMM, and ERA-Interim data. First, rainfall data from the three different sources was compared in terms of correlation and extreme precipitation indices. Second, a procedure for the calculation of rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrence was followed consisting of four steps: i) the TRMM-based rainfall data was reconstructed for selected dates and locations characterized by landslide occurrence and non-occurrence; ii) the antecedent daily rainfall was calculated for 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 days for the selected dates and locations; iii) two-parameter daily rainfall-antecedent rainfall thresholds were calculated for the aforementioned dates; after analysis of the curves the optimum number of antecedent rainfall days was selected; and (iv) empirical rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrence were determined. The procedure was repeated for the entire landslide dataset, differentiating between forested and built-up areas, and between landslide occurrence in four temporal periods, in relation to the monsoon. The results indicated that TRMM performs well for the detection of very heavy precipitation and can be used to indicate the extreme rainfall events that trigger landslides. On the contrary, as ERA-Interim failed to detect those events, its applicability for LEWS remains limited. The 15-day antecedent rainfall was indicated to mostly affect the landslide occurrence in the area. The rainfall thresholds vary for forested and built-up areas, as well as for the beginning, middle and end of the rainy season.  相似文献   

Spatio‐temporal variability of the isotopic input signal in a partly forested catchment: Implications for hydrograph separation     

Carles Cayuela  Jrme Latron  Josie Geris  Pilar Llorens 《水文研究》2019,33(1):36-46

The isotopic composition of precipitation (D and ¹⁸O) has been widely used as an input signal in water tracer studies. Whereas much recent effort has been put into developing methodologies to improve our understanding and modelling of hydrological processes (e.g., transit‐time distributions or young water fractions), less attention has been paid to the spatio‐temporal variability of the isotopic composition of precipitation, used as input signal in these studies. Here, we investigated the uncertainty in isotope‐based hydrograph separation due to the spatio‐temporal variability of the isotopic composition of precipitation. The study was carried out in a Mediterranean headwater catchment (0.56 km²). Rainfall and throughfall samples were collected at three locations across this relatively small catchment, and stream water samples were collected at the outlet. Results showed that throughout an event, the spatial variability of the input signal had a higher impact on hydrograph separation results than its temporal variability. However, differences in isotope‐based hydrograph separation determined preevent water due to the spatio‐temporal variability were different between events and ranged between 1 and 14%. Based on catchment‐scale isoscapes, the most representative sampling location could also be identified. This study confirms that even in small headwater catchments, spatio‐temporal variability can be significant. Therefore, it is important to characterize this variability and identify the best sampling strategy to reduce the uncertainty in our understanding of catchment hydrological processes.  相似文献   

无人机信号传输中断解决方案研究     

张永年 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(9)

在福建地区从事无人机低空数码航空摄影测量项目时,我们发现数传电台信号中断是无人机飞行的一个重大安全隐患。如不能实时掌握无人机飞行动态,出现异常状况时不能第一时间处理,极有可能出现安全事故,造成重大损失。本文通过具体案例说明,提出无人机信号传输中断的解决方案。  相似文献   

同化FY3B/IRAS资料对GRAPES分析场影响诊断     

王根  刘文静  唐怀瓯 《气象与环境科学》2016,39(3):15-21

GRAPES(Globe and Regional Assimilation and Prediction System)变分系统能够同化常规资料和非常规卫星资料,这些被同化的资料究竟对同化系统得到的分析场有何影响,目前国内外尚未见相关的研究文献。为此,首次采用基于信息熵信号自由度思想,诊断风云三号B星(FY3B)红外分光计(Infrared Atmospheric Sounder,IRAS)资料对GRAPES分析场的影响。诊断过程中,采用数值逼近方法,统计2012年12月24日18时到2013年1月22日00时共114个时次IRAS资料对GRAPES分析场影响,结果表明,IRAS中高层通道亮温资料对GRAPES分析场影响比地表通道20观测亮温的影响大,地表通道8和9观测亮温对分析场影响较大。前24个GRAPES变分同化时次每个时次IRAS通道亮温对分析场影响的贡献率分析结果显示,高层通道和H_2O通道贡献率较大。个例分析结果表明,在同化探空资料基础上加入IRAS资料后,温度和湿度增量场变化幅度较大,表明IRAS资料对分析场有降温和增湿作用。  相似文献   

豫西地区雷暴预警预报系统构建方法研究     

李振锋  付伟基  陈红霞 《气象与环境科学》2016,39(4):126-134

目前,基层台站在雷暴预警预报中主要依赖传统经验预报方法,而对卫星云图、大气电场、多普勒雷达回波和高分辨率数值预报产品等资料释用水平不高,存在主观定性分析多、客观定量计算少等不足。依托现有气象资料和雷暴预报方法,以雷暴预警预报系统构建为目标,从气象数据仓库构建、支持向量机雷暴预报、相似预报雷暴预报、Poor Man集合预报技术和多源数据融合分析等方面,探讨了雷暴预警预报系统构建方法,实现了雷暴中期预测、短期预报和短时临近预警三个层次的预报功能,解决了气象资料庞杂难以管理、数值预报产品释用水平不高、数值预报结果存在"跃变"、多源数据融合分析缺乏手段等问题,提高了基层台站雷暴预报工作效率和预报水平,同时也为其他地区类似系统构建提供了参考。  相似文献   

气象预警信息一键式发布系统研究与应用     

张亚  江春  陈浩  袁兴德  罗希昌 《气象科技》2016,44(1):41-46

基于WebGIS、HTTP通信、数据库等技术,制定了一键式预警信息发布规范,有效整合了电子显示屏、预警大喇叭、手机等预警发布终端,开发了气象预警信息一键式发布平台,实现了地图综合显示、气象数据叠加、任意预警区域选取、一键式发布预警信息等功能,提高了预警信息发布的可视化水平,保证了多终端预警信息发布的高效性、一致性。该系统的一键式信息发布技术,为气象预警发布开拓了新思路,能够有效提升业务水平和预警发布能力。  相似文献